Cichlid fishes are a very diverse and species-rich family of teleost fishes that inhabit lakes
and rivers of India, Africa, and South and Central America. Research has largely focused on …

Many animals depend on the sense of vision for survival. In eumetazoans, vision requires
specialized, light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. Light reaches the photoreceptors …

Tuning the visual sensory system to the ambient light is essential for survival in many animal
species. This is often achieved through duplication, functional diversification, and/or …

Vertebrates have four visual cone opsin classes that mediate sensitivity from ultraviolet to
red wavelengths of light. The rhodopsin-like 2 (RH2) opsin is sensitive to the central mostly …

Fish often change their habitat and trophic preferences during development. Dramatic
functional differences between embryos, larvae, juveniles and adults also concern sensory …

The wide-ranging photic conditions found across aquatic habitats may act as selective
pressures that potentially drive the rapid evolution and diversity of the visual system in …

Geographically separated populations of Culter alburnus in China exhibit marked
physiological and behavioral characteristics, particularly between populations inhabiting the …

Intraspecific functional variation is critical for adaptation to rapidly changing environments.
For visual opsins, functional variation can be characterized in vitro and often reflects a …

Adaptation to deeper waters is a recent topic in the ecology and evolution of cichlids
endemic to ancient African lakes. However, the reproductive and social behaviors of …

Female cichlid fish living in African great lakes are known to have sensory systems that are
adapted to ambient light environments. These sensory system adaptations are hypothesized …