Immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have already substantially improved
the outcomes of patients with many types of cancer, although only 20–40% of patients derive …

The treatment goal for patients with early-stage lung cancer is cure. Multidisciplinary
discussions of surgical resectability and medical operability determine the modality of …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major innate immune cells that constitute up to
50% of the cell mass of human tumors. TAMs are highly heterogeneous cells that originate …

Tumors responding to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a higher level of immune
infiltrates and/or an Interferon (IFN) signature indicative of a T-cell-inflamed phenotype …

INTRODUCTION New therapies have been designed to stimulate the host's immune system
to fight cancer. Despite these exciting, recent successes, a large proportion of patients still …

Currently, there is no established guidance on how to process and evaluate resected lung
cancer specimens after neoadjuvant therapy in the setting of clinical trials and clinical …

Novel neoadjuvant therapy regimens are warranted for oral squamous cell carcinoma
(OSCC). In this phase I trial (NCT04393506), 20 patients with locally advanced resectable …

Immunotherapies targeting aspects of T cell functionality are efficacious in many solid
tumors, but pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains refractory to these …

Recent developments in immuno-oncology demonstrate that not only cancer cells, but also
the tumor microenvironment can guide precision medicine. A comprehensive and in-depth …

Immunotherapy includes immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as antibodies targeting
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death …