Ginseng has been used as a traditional herb in Asian countries for thousands of years. It
contains a large number of active ingredients including steroidal saponins …

Abstract Panax ginseng (Meyer) and Panax notoginseng (Burkill), belonging to the family
Araliaceae, are used worldwide as medicinal and functional herbs. Numerous publications …

Background Neurological diseases seriously affect human health, which are arousing wider
attention, and it is a great challenge to discover neuroprotective drugs with minimal side …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are leading causes of death and morbidity in the
elderly worldwide. From the mechanistic/pathological view, oxidative stress, inflammation …

Background As common, progressive, and chronic causes of disability and death,
neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) significantly threaten human health, while no effective …

Melatonin (Mel) has neuroprotective effects; however, its roles in hypoxic-ischemic brain
damage (HIBD) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to explore its …

After an acute ischemic stroke (AIS), inflammatory processes are able to concomitantly
induce both beneficial and detrimental effects. In this narrative review, we updated evidence …

Microcirculation dysfunction and organ injury after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) result from
a complex pathologic process consisting of multiple links, with metabolism impairment in the …

The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is complex, and PI3K/Akt signaling is considered to
play a crucial role in it. The PI3K/Akt pathway regulates inflammation, oxidative stress …

Pyroptosis mediated by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor 3
(NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury …