The causes of biodiversity change are of great scientific interest and central to policy efforts
aimed at meeting biodiversity targets. Changes in species diversity and high rates of …

Area-based conservation is essential to safeguard nature's diversity. In view of expanding
human land use, increasing climate change and unmet conservation targets, area-based …

Assessment of the social science literature and regional case studies reveals how social
norms, culture, and individual choices, interact with infrastructure and other structural …

Our current 1.1 C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

The future response of marine ecosystem diversity to continued anthropogenic forcing is
poorly constrained. Phytoplankton are a diverse set of organisms that form the base of the …

Human activities are fundamentally altering biodiversity. Projections of declines at the global
scale are contrasted by highly variable trends at local scales, suggesting that biodiversity …

The gut microbiome profoundly affects human health and disease, and their infecting viruses
are likely as important, but often missed because of reference database limitations. Here, we …

Striving to feed a population set to reach almost 10 billion people by 2050 in a sustainable
way is high on the research and policy agendas. Further intensification and expansion of …

Long-term analyses of biodiversity data highlight a 'biodiversity conservation paradox':
biological communities show substantial species turnover over the past century,, but …

Land-use and climate change are among the greatest threats facing biodiversity, but
understanding their combined effects has been hampered by modelling and data limitations …