Eutrophication is a complex process and often associated with not only a change in overall
algal biomass but also with a change in biodiversity. Common metrics of eutrophication (eg …

The public health, tourism, fisheries, and ecosystem impacts from harmful algal blooms
(HABs) have all increased over the past few decades. This has led to heightened scientific …

Many protist plankton are mixotrophs, combining phototrophy and phagotrophy. Their role in
freshwater and marine ecology has emerged as a major develo** feature of plankton …

In January 2003, the US Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a “roundtable
discussion” to develop a consensus on the relationship between eutrophication and harmful …

Planktonic mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates are ubiquitous protists and often
abundant in marine environments. Recently many phototrophic dinoflagellate species have …

The classic portrayal of plankton is dominated by phytoplanktonic primary producers and
zooplanktonic secondary producers. In reality, many if not most plankton traditionally …

Coastal waters of the United States (US) are subject to many of the major harmful algal
bloom (HAB) poisoning syndromes and impacts. These include paralytic shellfish poisoning …

Historically most harmful algal species (HAS) have been thought to be strictly phototrophic.
Mixotrophy, the use of phototrophy and heterotrophy in combination, has been emphasized …

Harmful algal blooms (HAB s), those proliferations of algae that can cause fish kills,
contaminate seafood with toxins, form unsightly scums, or detrimentally alter ecosystem …

Relative to inorganic nitrogen, concentrations of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are often
high, even in regions believed to be nitrogen-limited. The persistence of these high …