Electrified vehicles provide an effective solution to address the unfavorable impacts of fossil
fuel use in the transportation sector. Energy management strategy (EMS) is the core …

For successful operation of a fuel cell, its lifetime should be at least 40,000 h. Durability tests
are usually limited by certain/standard conditions. On the other hand, operation of a proton …

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack is a key component in the fuel
cell/battery hybrid vehicle. Thermal management and optimized control of the PEMFC under …

The start-up of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) at temperatures below the
freezing point is considered one of the major obstacles hindering the widespread …

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance is mainly limited by the oxygen
transport to the cathode catalyst layer. Using gas flow channel blockages can effectively …

Starting the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack from subfreezing
temperatures is a remaining challenge for the commercialization of PEMFC vehicles. This …

Performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells under subfreezing environments is
restrained by the properties of electrode materials, for instance, the platinum and ionomer …

In this study, a low-temperature thermal management system (TMS) that combines a phase-
change material (PCM) with liquid cooling for the cold start of a proton exchange membrane …

The optimization of thermal management (ie improving heat generation and dissipation) in a
proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a vital method to enhance its energy …

A deeper understanding of the internal dynamics and transient phenomena during cold start
of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is essential to inspire better strategies. In …