Communication between cellular organisms occurs, among other mechanisms, through the
release of specific biochemical or chemical messengers by an emitting cell, generally …

How do we understand neuronal signaling in the brain, how neurons control behavior, or
how signaling malfunctions during disease? Neuroscientists might take two approaches …

In this Review, we attempt to give an overview of methods developed for chemical analysis
of single cells. This is an important topic for several reasons. Many biological systems have …

Neural electrical interfaces that accurately detect signals from active neurons with minimal
signal loss or biological damage are critical to advancing our understanding of …

The fertilization rate in assisted reproduction depends significantly on the quality of the
oocyte, especially on the hardening of the zona pellucida, which is a gelatinous layer of …

A surface modification of interdigitated gold microelectrodes (IDEs) with a doped polypyrrole
(PPy) film for detection of dopamine released from populations of differentiated PC12 cells is …

Single-neuron actions are the basis of brain function, as clinical sequelae, neuronal
dysfunction or failure for most of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries can …

The number of scientific disciplines whose names begin with the prefix nano has grown
dramatically since the launch of the National Nanotechnology Initiative in 2000. Some of …

Electrochemical microelectrodes are commonly used to detect spikes of amperometric
current that correspond to exocytosis of oxidizable transmitter from individual vesicles, ie …

Cell secretion or exocytosis is a fundamental and ubiquitous cell function in which
intracellular vesicles (50À100 nm in diameter) fuse with the plasma membrane and release …