Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and its active ingredient, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), are the
most commonly used chlorine-based disinfectants. HOCl is a fast-acting and potent …

Chemical agents including chlorine and antibiotics are used extensively to control infectious
microorganisms. While antibiotics are mainly used to treat bacterial infections, chlorine is …

The high pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is attributed to the production of many
virulence factors and its resistance to several antimicrobials. Among them, sodium …

Hypothiocyanite and hypothiocyanous acid (OSCN−/HOSCN) are pseudohypohalous acids
released by the innate immune system which are capable of rapidly oxidizing sulfur …

The thioredoxin (Trx) system, found universally, is responsible for the regeneration of
reversibly oxidized protein thiols in living cells. This system is made up of a Trx and a Trx …

Proteostasis and redox homeostasis are tightly interconnected and most protein quality
control pathways are under direct redox regulation which allow cells to immediately respond …

Our organism is exposed to pathogens on a daily basis. Owing to this age-old interaction,
both pathogen and host evolved strategies to cope with these encounters. Here, we focus on …

Extreme acidophilic bacteria like Leptospirillum sp. require an efficient enzyme system to
counteract strong oxygen stress conditions in their natural habitat. The genome of …

Bacteria live in different environments and are subject to a wide variety of fluctuating
conditions. During evolution, they acquired sophisticated systems dedicated to maintaining …

The aims of this study were as follows. First, we determined the antimicrobial efficacy of
hypochlorous acid (HClO) against bacterial, fungal, and yeast strains growing planktonically …