Integrated optics, a key photonics technology, has major implications for
telecommunications, sensing, and computing. By integrating optical elements like lasers …

The present study examines an interesting wireless system known as spectral/temporal/
spatial‐optical code division multiple access‐free space optics (OCDMA‐FSO) by …

This paper introduces a novel underwater (UW) optical communication system that utilizes
optical code division multiple access transmission technique using the permutation vector …

The need for a high-speed transmission network has become essential due to the
exponential increase in traffic. In this paper, a free-space-optics (FSO) link modelled by …

In this paper, a high-speed transmission system that combines a multimode fiber (MMF) with
Free Space Optics (FSO) is proposed to accommodate the rapid growth of traffic. As Orbital …

This study investigated a novelty system known as optical code division multiple access-free
space optics (OCDMA-FSO) based on a new two-dimensional successive weight (2D-SW) …

In order to raise the performance of optical communication systems, it is imperative mainly to
increase the number of available users while decreasing the bit error rate (BER) in the …

Abstract Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems enhanced by red, green and blue
(RGB) lasers are at the forefront of indoor technology, offering dynamic lighting, high-speed …

This study offers the most recent network architecture employing the CWDM/DWDM/5G
millimeter wave system over the Free-Space Optical Communication (or FSOC) channel with …

This paper proposes a novel code for optical code division multiple access (OCDMA)
systems, called the three-dimensional (3D) spectral/temporal/spatial single weight zero …