As a result of their mechanical characteristics, biological structures often provide inspiration
for the development of high-performance mechanical structures. Nevertheless, traditional …

Traumatic injuries can lead to large bone defects under extreme conditions, which usually
take a long recovery period, while the prognosis is poor. Endogenous electric field, as one …

Bone regeneration is a highly synchronized process that requires multiple biochemical,
bioelectrical, mechanical, and other physiological cues. The restoration and delivery of …

Piezoelectric materials have the merits of fast response, speed, and high precision. These
materials have been widely investigated for functional device applications such as sensors …

Living organisms in nature have undergone continuous evolution over billions of years,
resulting in the formation of high-performance fracture-resistant biomineralized tissues such …

All dielectric materials including ceramics, semiconductors, biomaterials, and polymers have
the property of flexoelectricity, which opens a fertile avenue to sensing, actuation, and …

The flexoelectricity describes the contribution of the linear couplings between the electric
polarization and strain gradient and between polarization gradient and strain to the …

Piezoelectric devices integrated into physiological systems can be used effectively for
biomedical applications such as sensing biological forces, self-powering biomedical …

Biomolecular piezoelectric materials are considered a strong candidate material for
biomedical applications due to their robust piezoelectricity, biocompatibility, and low …

The process of bone repair and regeneration requires multiple physiological cues including
biochemical, electrical and mechanical-that act together to ensure functional recovery …