Surgical simulation practices have witnessed a rapid expansion as an invaluable approach
to resident training in recent years. One emerging way of implementing simulation is the …

OBJECTIVE Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) systems are increasingly
available to neurosurgeons. These systems may provide opportunities for technical …

Importance To better understand the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) in surgical
training, efficacy of AI tutoring systems, such as the Virtual Operative Assistant (VOA), must …

Importance Despite advances in the assessment of technical skills in surgery, a clear
understanding of the composites of technical expertise is lacking. Surgical simulation allows …

Background Clinical skills training is an essential component of nursing education.
However, sometimes education does not sufficiently prepare nurses for the real world …

Background: This overview aimed to characterize the type, development, and use of haptic
technologies for maxillofacial surgical purposes. The work aim is to summarize and evaluate …

This study reviews empirical studies on applying Multimodal Interactions in Virtual Reality
(MIVR) environments in education. We selected 25 papers and reviewed them based on (1) …

This study presents a literature systematic review of automatic performance assessment in
three-dimensional interactive medical and dental simulators with haptic feedback, resulting …

BACKGROUND: Virtual reality surgical simulators provide detailed psychomotor
performance data, allowing qualitative and quantitative assessment of hand function. The …

Force feedback bilateral teleoperation represents a pivotal advancement in control
technology, finding widespread application in hazardous material transportation, perilous …