Many animals depend on the sense of vision for survival. In eumetazoans, vision requires
specialized, light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. Light reaches the photoreceptors …

Hypothyroidism has been found to have long-term effects on each of the senses, but with
proper treatment, many of them can be significantly minimized. This paper analyzes the …

Abstract Cones are the color-detecting photoreceptors of the vertebrate eye. Cones are
specialized into subtypes whose functions are determined by the expression of color …

The retina is crucial for converting light into neuronal signals for visual perception.
Understanding the retina's structure, function, and development is essential for vision …

Over the past decade, global screening time has increased, a trend intensified by the COVID-
19 pandemic, leading to the integration of screens into daily life. Studies have documented …

Our previous study has shown that individuals with untreated hypothyroidism display
significantly higher partial error scores (PES) along the blue–yellow axis compared to the …

In this study, a new, cost-effective, rapid, and easy method to produce a sunlight-like D65
light source from a typical white light-emitting diode (LED) is discussed. The novelty of this …

Abstract Post-COVID-19, recorded were various ophthalmological symptoms and visual
impairment. We hypothesised that colour vision may be affected too. We assessed colour …

Introduction. Post-COVID-19, various ophthalmological symptoms and visual impairments
have been reported. We hypothesised that colour vision may be affected too. Methods. We …

Thyroid hormones (TH) such as thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine
(T3) have an essential role in normal brain functioning.(eg, Bernal, 2005; Bernal & Nunez …