The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are core steps of
various energy conversion and storage systems. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics …

Amorphous materials are metastable solids with only short-range order at the atomic scale,
which results from local intermolecular chemical bonding. The lack of long-range order …

The electrocatalytic splitting of water holds great promise as a sustainable and
environmentally friendly technology for hydrogen production. However, the sluggish kinetics …

Hydrogen energy is an important cornerstone for realizing net-zero and sustainable
development plans. The successful construction of a hydrogen society requires …

Transition metal‐based oxyhydroxides (MOOH) derived from the irreversible structural
reconstruction of precatalysts are often acknowledged as the real catalytic species for the …

Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally
benign, and affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic …

Producing indispensable hydrogen and oxygen for social development via water electrolysis
shows more prospects than other technologies. Although electrocatalysts have been …

This Review provides an overview of the emerging concepts of catalysts, membranes, and
membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers with anion-exchange …

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells or PEMFCs and PEM electrolysis cells or
PEMECs are two closely related electrochemical devices having a similar structure: a PEM …