Background Chatbots have been widely used in many spheres of life from customer services
to mental health companions. Despite the breakthroughs in achieving human-like …

Conversational systems have recently garnered increased attention due to advancements in
Large Language Models (LLMs) and Language Models for Dialogue Applications (LaMDA) …

A Chatbot is a programmed entity that handles human-like conversations between an
artificial agent and humans. This conversation has attracted the attention of researchers who …

Approaches for develo** Dialogue Systems (DSs) are typically categorized into rule-
based and data-driven. Data-driven DSs require a massive quantity of training data, while …

In light of the global crisis like COVID-19, many people are afraid to leave the house and
visit the doctor for fear of these epidemics. On the other side, the amazing development of …

Since the introduction of deep learning-based chatbots for knowledge services, many
research and development efforts have been undertaken in a variety of fields. The global …

Since the beginning of Natural Language Processing, researchers have been highly
interested in the idea of equip** machines with the ability to think, understand, and …