Metabolic exchange mediates interactions among microbes, hel** explain diversity in
microbial communities. As these interactions often involve a fitness cost, it is unclear how …

Identifying different types of coevolutionary dynamics is important for understanding
biodiversity and infectious disease. Past work has often focused on pairs of interacting …

Bacteria frequently engage in obligate metabolic mutualisms with other microorganisms.
However, it remains generally unclear how the resulting metabolic dependencies affect the …

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a supramolecular complex involved in the delivery of
potent toxins during bacterial competition. Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses three T6SS …

Sugarcane ethanol fermentation represents a simple microbial community dominated by S.
cerevisiae and co-occurring bacteria with a clearly defined functionality. In this study, we …

Background Understanding how organisms evolve and adapt to extreme habitats is of
crucial importance in evolutionary ecology. Altitude gradients are an important determinant …

Eco-evolutionary forces are the key drivers of ecosystem biodiversity dynamics. This
resulted in a large body of theory, which has partially been experimentally tested by …

Abstract Background In November 2011, Malawi introduced the 13-valent pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the routine infant schedule. Four to 7 years after introduction …

Macroevolution posed difficulties for Darwin and later theorists because species'
phenotypes frequently change abruptly, or experience long periods of stasis, both counter to …

Objectives/aims: Prolonged infections of immunocompromised individuals have been
proposed as a crucial source of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 …