Tropical deforestation continues at alarming rates with profound impacts on ecosystems,
climate, and livelihoods, prompting renewed commitments to halt its continuation. Although it …

Since the early 2000s, many private companies, public-private coalitions, and governments
have committed to remove deforestation from commodity supply chains. Despite these zero …

Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, the world's largest producers of cocoa, account for two thirds of the
global cocoa production. In both countries, cocoa is the primary perennial crop, providing …

There are growing calls for businesses to implement 'nature-positive'strategies.
Convergence around a precise definition is now needed. We review definitions of 'nature …

Deforestation for agriculture is a key threat to global carbon stocks, biodiversity, and
indigenous ways of life. In the absence of strong territorial governance, zero-deforestation …

Global food supply chains remain critical drivers of ecosystem degradation and social
injustices. In this Perspective we invite policymakers, civil society actors, businesses and …

Facing criticism that Indonesia's oil palm industry causes deforestation, government and
industry representatives have highlighted the role of oil palm in improving the livelihoods of …

Cocoa production has been identified as a major global driver of deforestation, but its
precise contribution to deforestation dynamics in West Africa remains unclear. It is also …

The production and trade of agricultural commodities, such as cocoa, have important
impacts on farmer livelihoods and the environment, prompting a growing number of …

In this study, we produced a spatially explicit diagnosis of the deforestation hotspots and
future climate risk (2050) of cocoa producing areas, zooming into the top 8 cocoa exporting …