Periodontitis, or gum disease, affects millions of people each year. Although it is associated
with a defined microbial composition found on the surface of the tooth and tooth root, the …

▪ Abstract The heparan sulfate on the surface of all adherent cells modulates the actions of a
large number of extracellular ligands. Members of both cell surface heparan sulfate …

Wastewater Microbiology focuses on microbial contaminants found in wastewater, methods
of detection for these contaminants, and methods of cleansing water of microbial …

Candida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen of humans and has developed an
extensive repertoire of putative virulence mechanisms that allows successful colonization …

Bacterial pathogens employ a number of genetic strategies to cause infection and,
occasionally, disease in their hosts. Many of these virulence factors and their regulatory …

Although Cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcosis have existed for several millennia, a
century has passed since the discovery of this encapsulated yeast and its devastating …

▪ Abstract It has been a decade since multicellularity was proposed as a general bacterial
trait. Intercellular communication and multicellular coordination are now known to be …

While classical studies on host-parasite interactions have considered a “virulence factor” to
be a molecule (s) that exerts a detrimental effect (that is, toxin) on a host cell, recent …

The obligately intracellular bacteria of the genus Chlamydia, which is only remotely related
to other eubacterial genera, cause many diseases of humans, nonhuman mammals, and …

We report the identification of a previously unknown gene, in/A, which is necessary for the
gram-positive intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes to invade cultured epitheiiai …