Metabolic reprogramming is reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer, which is an
adaptive mechanism by which fast-growing cancer cells adapt to their increasing energy …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by most cell types as part of an intracellular
communication system in crucial processes such as inflammation, cell proliferation, and …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and particles (EPs) have recently emerged as active carriers of
molecular biomarkers and mediators of intercellular communication. While most …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have been
recognized as a promising cell-free therapy for acute kidney injury (AKI), which avoids safety …

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Upon initial
diagnosis, the majority of patients present with widespread metastatic growth within the …

The emergence of disseminated metastases remains the primary cause of mortality in
cancer patients. Formation of the pre-metastatic niche (PMN), which precedes the …

Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with advanced lung cancer. The exosomes
released by cancer cells create tumor microenvironment, and then accelerate tumor …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment in which tumor cells survive,
consisting of tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, as well as non …

The production and release of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (TDSEVs) from
cancerous cells play a pivotal role in the propagation of cancer, through genetic and …

The formation of vascular niche is pivotal during the early stage of peripheral nerve
regeneration. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of vascular niche in the regulation of …