Pandemic influenza virus has its origins in avian influenza viruses. The highly pathogenic
avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 is already panzootic in poultry, with attendant economic …

Since their reemergence in 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses have
reached endemic levels among poultry in several southeast Asian countries and have …

Background. Two doses of either trivalent live attenuated or inactivated influenza vaccines
(LAIV and TIV, respectively) are approved for young children (≥ 24 months old for LAIV …

Background. The novel influenza vaccine MVA-NP+ M1 is designed to boost cross-reactive
T-cell responses to internal antigens of the influenza A virus that are conserved across all …

Influenza A virus infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Because
the effectiveness of existing vaccines and antiviral drugs is limited, development of new …

Influenza virus infection is responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths annually.
Current vaccination strategies and antiviral drugs provide limited protection; therefore, new …

High-molecular-mass polyethylenimines (PEIs) are widely used vectors for nucleic acid
delivery. We found that removal of the residual N-acyl moieties from commercial linear 25 …

Abstract Changes in influenza viruses require regular reformulation of strain-specific
influenza vaccines. Vaccines based on conserved antigens provide broader protection …

The mechanisms whereby CD4 T cells contribute to the protective response against lethal
influenza infection remain poorly characterized. To define the role of CD4 cells in protection …

Influenza epidemic and pandemic strains cannot be predicted with certainty. Current
vaccines elicit antibodies effective against specific strains, but new strategies are urgently …