Since 1972, the Landsat program has been continually monitoring the Earth, to now provide
50 years of digital, multispectral, medium spatial resolution observations. Over this time …

Soil moisture (SM) is an essential parameter for understanding the interactions and
feedbacks between the atmosphere and the Earth's surface through energy and water …

This review surveys current and emerging drought monitoring approaches using satellite
remote sensing observations from climatological and ecosystem perspectives. We argue …

Two passive microwave missions are currently operating at L-band to monitor surface soil
moisture (SM) over continental surfaces. The SMOS sensor, based on an innovative …

Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) is a joint initiative of the European
Commission (EC) and the European Space Agency (ESA), designed to establish a …

Owing to the rise in water demand and looming climate change, recent years have
witnessed much focus on global drought scenarios. As a natural hazard, drought is best …

Urbanization often results in agricultural expansion but can also lead to farmland
abandonment. However, it remains unclear about the extent, exact timing and determinants …

The Himalayas constitute one of the richest and most diverse ecosystems in the Indian sub-
continent. Vegetation greenness driven by climate in the Himalayan region is often …

As one of the earliest remote sensing indices, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
(NDVI) has been employed extensively for vegetation research. However, despite an …

This report examines the scientific basis for the use of remotely sensed data, particularly
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), primarily for the assessment of land …