Viewing metabolism through the lens of exercise biology has proven an accessible and
practical strategy to gain new insights into local and systemic metabolic regulation. Recent …

A pivotal metabolic function of insulin is the stimulation of glucose uptake into muscle and
adipose tissues. The discovery of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) …

The interaction between insulin and exercise is an example of balancing and modifying the
effects of two opposing metabolic regulatory forces under varying conditions. While insulin is …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as intracellular compartmentalized second messengers,
mediating metabolic stress-adaptation. In skeletal muscle fibers, ROS have been suggested …

The skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body, by mass. It is also the regulator of
glucose homeostasis, responsible for 80% of postprandial glucose uptake from the …

Redox reactions control fundamental processes of human biology. Therefore, it is safe to
assume that the responses and adaptations to exercise are, at least in part, mediated by …

Exercise in humans increases muscle glucose uptake up to 100-fold compared with rest.
The magnitude of increase depends on exercise intensity and duration. Although knockout …

Exercise increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscle independently of insulin signaling.
This makes exercise an effective stimulus to increase glucose uptake in insulin-resistant …

Obesity associated with systemic inflammation induces insulin resistance (IR), with
consequent chronic hyperglycemia. A series of reactions are involved in this process …

Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are key regulators in a number of cellular
functions, including actin cytoskeleton remodeling and vesicle traffic. Traditionally, Rho …