Advanced oxidation processes (AOP), involving the generation of highly oxidizing radical
species, have attracted much attention because of their potential in eliminating recalcitrant …

Clay minerals such as kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, micas are main components of raw
materials of clay and formed in presence of water. A large number of clays used to form the …

The production of biodiesel production has been surged throughout the decades due to the
conventional transesterification process of edible, non-edible, and waste cooking oil to …

The term “clay” was used in everyday language long before being imbued with a well-
defined scientific meaning. Therefore, it is not surprising that it carries different connotations …

Electron transfer (ET) is the essence of most biogeochemical processes related to element
cycling and contaminant attenuation, whereas ET between different minerals and the …

Clay minerals and magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) combine to form a class of advanced
nanocomposites that would possess exceptional magnetism, stability, adsorption, catalysis …

Fe-PILC samples were synthesized by the reaction between Na+-and/or Ca2+-
montmorillonite (Mt) and base-hydrolyzed solutions of Fe (III) nitrate. Different from the …

Strict air pollution restrictions have increased the need for effective low-temperature
selective catalytic reduction (LT-SCR) of NO x with hydrocarbons (HC), and as such, mixed …

Nano-particles of bentonite have been prepared by nano-grinding. The nano-bentonite was
characterized by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal …

This chapter makes a general overview of pillared clay minerals. First, the general concepts
of the process and the terminology recommended by the IUPAC are summarized, followed …