With the advances of technologies, possessing digital and information literacy is crucial for
the selection of candidates by employers in this digital AI era. For most students, receiving …

The study utilized a mixed methods approach to compare the scoring of raters in assessing
writing performance across three modes: paper-based, on-screen marking of scanned …

With the large increase in online English language learners, there is a need to explore how
those learners practise self-regulated writing in such an autonomous learning context. This …

This study compared the effects of computer-mediated (CM) versus pen-and-paper (P&P)
writing on written accuracy and feedback processing in tasks written and rewritten …

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Digital Writing Scale that measures
the perspectives of individuals on digital writing. A total of 615 preservice teachers studying …

An assumption underlying replacing traditional paper-based (PB) writing tests with computer-
based (CB) tests is that CB writing tests are more authentic than PB tests (Lessien, 2013) …

Despite the frequent implementation of prewriting discussion in L2 writing classrooms, little
attention has been paid to the issue that which language, L1 or L2, should be used for …

In this paper we make a proposal that writing modality (pen-and-paper versus computer-
based writing can be conceptualized as a cognitive task complexity factor. To lay ground for …

With the advances in technology, the skill of writing has taken on a new form with digital
tools. Concepts like digital literacy, digital writing, electronic writing, web-based writing …

Online assessment takes many forms. While there have been reviews on a particular online
assessment approach (eg, online examinations or tests), there has not been a knowledge …