Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacterium is found in various ecological habitats, and has natural
entomo-pesticidal properties, due to the production of crystalline and soluble proteins during …

Extensive use of chemical insecticides adversely affects both environment and human
health. One of the most popular biological pest control alternatives is bioinsecticides based …

The peritrophic matrix (PM) is an acellular chitin and glycoprotein layer that lines the
invertebrate midgut. The PM has long been considered a physical as well as a biochemical …

Abstract Models of host–pathogen interactions are crucial for the analysis of microbial
pathogenesis. In this context, invertebrate hosts, including Drosophila melanogaster (fruit …

Simple Summary A few insects are actually considered for mass production as an alternative
protein source for animal feed, notably in the fish and poultry sector. Industrial insect rearing …

Dorsal, a member of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) family of transcription factors, is a
critical downstream component of the Toll pathway that regulates the expression of …

The yellow mealworm, the larval stage of the darkling beetle Tenebrio molitor, shows great
promise as an alternative source of animal protein. Herein we present the 312 Mb draft …

The insecticidal Vip3 proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), along with the classical Bt Cry
proteins, are currently used in Bt-crops to control insect pests, since they do not share the …

Faced with ethical conflict and social pressure, researchers have increasingly chosen to use
alternative models over vertebrates in their research. Since the innate immune system is …

In the study of fungal pathogenesis, alternative methods have gained prominence due to
recent global legislation restricting the use of mammalian animals in research. The principle …