Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) is the activating kinase for
multiple downstream kinases, including CaM-kinase I (CaMKI), CaM-kinase IV (CaMKIV) …

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) system acts as a sensor of cellular energy status
that is conserved in all eukaryotic cells. It is activated by increases in the cellular AMP: ATP …

Adiponectin is an anti-diabetic adipokine. Its receptors possess a seven-transmembrane
topology with the amino terminus located intracellularly, which is the opposite of G-protein …

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical regulator of energy balance at both
the cellular and whole-body levels. Two upstream kinases have been reported to activate …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the downstream component of a kinase cascade
that plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis. Activation of AMPK requires phosphorylation …

Autophagy is a well-known cell-survival strategy orchestrated by a conserved set of proteins.
It equips the cells with mechanisms to attain homeostasis during unfavorable conditions …

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator of cellular metabolism in
response to metabolic stress and to other regulatory signals. AMPK activity is absolutely …

Diabetes mellitus is a multi-faceted metabolic disorder where there is increased oxidative
stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of this debilitating disease. This has prompted …

Calcium (Ca 2+) is an essential ligand that binds its primary intracellular receptor calmodulin
(CaM) to trigger a variety of downstream processes and pathways. Central to the actions of …

The LKB1→ AMPK cascade is switched on by metabolic stresses that either inhibit ATP
production (eg hypoxia, hypoglycaemia) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg muscle …