Electrochemical‐memristor‐based artificial neurons and synapses—fundamentals, applications, and challenges

S Chen, T Zhang, S Tappertzhofen, Y Yang… - Advanced …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Artificial neurons and synapses are considered essential for the progress of the future brain‐
inspired computing, based on beyond von Neumann architectures. Here, a discussion on …

Astrocyte reactivity and reactive astrogliosis: costs and benefits

M Pekny, M Pekna - Physiological reviews, 2014 - journals.physiology.org
Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that provide
nutrients, recycle neurotransmitters, as well as fulfill a wide range of other homeostasis …

[HTML][HTML] Reactive gliosis in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases

M Pekny, M Pekna - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis …, 2016 - Elsevier
Astrocytes maintain the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) by eg recycling of
neurotransmitters and providing nutrients to neurons. Astrocytes function also as key …

Emerging role for astroglial networks in information processing: from synapse to behavior

U Pannasch, N Rouach - Trends in neurosciences, 2013 - cell.com
Astrocytes contribute to neurotransmission through a variety of mechanisms ranging from
synapse isolation to active signaling. Astroglial involvement in neurophysiology has been …

HIV-infected macrophages and microglia that survive acute infection become viral reservoirs by a mechanism involving Bim

P Castellano, L Prevedel, EA Eugenin - Scientific reports, 2017 - nature.com
While HIV kills most of the cells it infects, a small number of infected cells survive and
become latent viral reservoirs, posing a significant barrier to HIV eradication. However, the …

Connexin 43 is an emerging therapeutic target in ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardioprotection and neuroprotection

R Schulz, PM Görge, A Görbe, P Ferdinandy… - Pharmacology & …, 2015 - Elsevier
Connexins are widely distributed proteins in the body that are crucially important for heart
and brain functions. Six connexin subunits form a connexon or hemichannel in the plasma …

[HTML][HTML] Single-cell RNA-sequencing: astrocyte and microglial heterogeneity in health and disease

MS Spurgat, SJ Tang - Cells, 2022 - mdpi.com
Astrocytes and microglia are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis within the central
nervous system via their capacity to regulate neuronal transmission and prune synapses …

[HTML][HTML] Intracellular trafficking pathways of Cx43 gap junction channels

I Epifantseva, RM Shaw - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) …, 2018 - Elsevier
Gap Junction (GJ) channels, including the most common Connexin 43 (Cx43), have
fundamental roles in excitable tissues by facilitating rapid transmission of action potentials …

Neuronal gap junctions: making and breaking connections during development and injury

AB Belousov, JD Fontes - Trends in neurosciences, 2013 - cell.com
In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), coupling of neurons by gap junctions (ie,
electrical synapses) and the expression of the neuronal gap junction protein, connexin 36 …

Spatiotemporal pattern of calcium activity in astrocytic network

A Semyanov - Cell calcium, 2019 - Elsevier
Ca 2+ influx through an astrocyte plasma membrane is mediated by ionotropic receptors
and Ca 2+ channels according the electrochemical gradient. These conductances allow …