Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation
determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It …

Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warming mechanism by the
International Tundra Experiment network in the early 1990s. Since then, OTCs have been …

Long-term observations have shown that many plants and aboveground animals have
changed their phenology patterns due to warmer temperatures over the past decades …

Climate warming is changing the aboveground phenology of plants around the world.
However, the effects of warming on the belowground phenology of plants remain relatively …

Cycles of plant growth, termed phenology, are tightly linked to environmental controls. The
length of time spent growing, bounded by the start and end of season, is an important …

Alpine plants have evolved a tight seasonal cycle of growth and senescence to cope with a
short growing season. The potential growing season length (GSL) is increasing because of …

Shifts in plant phenology influence ecosystem structures and functions, yet how multiple
global change drivers interact to affect phenology remains elusive. We conducted a meta …

The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) was founded in 1990 as a network of scientists
studying responses of tundra ecosystems to ambient and experimental climate change at …

Primary productivity response to climatic drivers varies temporally, indicating state-
dependent interactions between climate and productivity. Previous studies primarily …

Plant phenology, the timing of recurrent biological events, shows key and complex response
to climate warming, with consequences for ecosystem functions and services. A key …