Forward osmosis (FO) has become a promising membrane technology for desalination and
water treatment due to its simplicity, low energy consumption, and low fouling tendency …

Forward osmosis is an emerging osmosis-driven membrane process, which has benefits of
low energy consumption, low operational pressure, easy equipment, and low fouling. This …

Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic units results in
micelles (polymeric nanoparticles), where polymer concentrations are above critical micelle …

Forward osmosis (FO) is one of the evolving membrane technologies in desalination with
recent expanded new interest as a low energy process. The most significant parts of FO …

Processes for separating solutes from water, including desalination, are based on synthetic
membranes using the forward osmosis (FO) technique. The industrial-level success of these …

Access to clean water resource continues to be the most urgent and pressing global issue
where hiking economic and ecological needs have urged for more water-efficient …

Despite the impressive progress in forward osmosis (FO) membranes and pilot scale testing
of FO process, lack of draw solutes that can be efficiently regenerated is still a limiting factor …

Water scarcity is one of the major issues that has put economic growth, societal stability, and
ecosystem balance unstable. Wastewater reuse has been recognised as a viable method for …

Forward osmosis (FO) process has been extensively considered as a potential technology
that could minimize the problems of traditional water desalination processes. Finding an …

Forward osmosis (FO) has emerged as a potentially energy-efficient membrane treatment
technology to yield high-quality reusable water from various wastewater/saline water …