The past fifteen years of orbital infrared spectroscopy and in situ exploration have led to a
new understanding of the composition and history of Mars. Globally, Mars has a basaltic …

Clay minerals, recently discovered to be widespread in Mars's Noachian terrains, indicate
long-duration interaction between water and rock over 3.7 billion years ago. Analysis of how …

The investigation of hyperspectral data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Compact
Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) and the Observatoire pour la …

The surface of Mars has preserved the record of early environments in which its basaltic
crust was altered by liquid water. These aqueous environments have survived in the form of …

The conditions, timing, and setting for the origin of life on Earth and whether life exists
elsewhere in our solar system and beyond represent some of the most fundamental …

A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and
updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms …

It has long been suggested that hydrothermal systems might have provided habitats for the
origin and evolution of early life on Earth, and possibly other planets such as Mars. In this …

Return of samples from the surface of Mars has been a goal of the international Mars
science community for many years. Affirmation by NASA and ESA of the importance of Mars …

Over the past couple of decades, it is has become widely recognized that impact cratering is
a ubiquitous geological process that affects all planetary objects with a solid surface. Indeed …

Abstract Early Mars (> 3 Ga) underwent aqueous alteration as evidenced by
fluvial/lacustrine morphologies and the recent discovery of widespread hydrous clays …