The impact of an object on a granular solid is an ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, the
scale of which ranges from the impact of a raindrop onto sand all the way to that of a large …

Understanding the impact and penetration characteristics of non-homogeneous granular
material systems is of great significance for various research work. In this study, a series of …

We present here a detailed granular flow characterization together with force measurements
for the quasi-bidimensional situation of a horizontal cylinder penetrating vertically at a …

Innovations in food extrusion technology are enabling its rapid expansion and applicability
in diverse areas related to bioprocessing and value addition. This study relates raw material …

A sharp transition between liquefaction and transient solidification is observed during impact
on a granular suspension depending on the initial packing fraction. We demonstrate, via …

An experimental investigation into the interaction that occurs between an impacting water
droplet and a granular bed of loose graded sand has been carried out. High-speed imaging …

We present experimental results for the penetration of a solid sphere when released onto
wet sand. We show, by measuring the final penetration depth, that the cohesion induced by …

In classical experiments of granular cratering, a ball dropped on an evened-out bed of
grains ends up within a crater surrounded by a uniform blanket of ejecta. In this Letter, we …

After a raindrop impacts on a granular bed, a crater is formed as both drop and target
deform. After an initial, transient, phase in which the maximum crater depth is reached, the …

The impact of a spherical projectile on an evened-out granular bed generates a uniform
ejecta of material and a crater with a raised circular rim. Recently, Sabuwala et al.[Phys …