This study retrospectively compared clinical and radiological outcomes of unilateral biportal
endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (ULIF) to those of conventional posterior lumbar …

OBJECTIVE Endoscopic discectomy (ED) has been advocated as a less-invasive alternative
to open microdiscectomy (OM) and tubular microdiscectomy (TM) for lumbar disc …

Purpose Transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (TED) minimises paraspinal muscle
damage. The aim of this trial was to compare clinical outcomes of TED to Microdiscectomy …

Objective The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the
clinical efficacy between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) versus …

Objective There have been only a few studies on surgical treatment of lumbar disc
herniation (LDH) in young adults. In addition, previous studies do not provide detailed …

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has continued to evolve over the past few decades,
with significant advancements in technology and technical skills. From endonasal cervical …

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is a minimally invasive
surgery for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with a smaller incision, decreased …

Background: Epidural injection is performed for treatment of back and radicular pain in
patients with lumbosacral disc herniation (LDH). Steroids are usually administered to …

Background Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques have emerged as viable and safe
alternatives for lumbar disc herniation, including percutaneous discectomy, percutaneous …

Background and Study Aims Endoscopic lumbar diskectomy through the interlaminar
window is gaining recognition. Most of the literature describes these endoscopic procedures …