Obesity is caused by a long-term difference between energy intake and expenditure—an
imbalance that is seemingly easily restored by increasing exercise and reducing caloric …

Observational findings achieved during the past two decades suggest that the intestinal
microbiota may contribute to the metabolic health of the human host and, when aberrant, to …

Inter-individual human variability, driven by various genetic and environmental factors,
complicates the ability to develop effective population-based early disease detection …

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been repeatedly observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes
mellitus, two metabolic diseases strongly intertwined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease …

Despite the promising advances in novel cancer therapy such as immune checkpoint
inhibitors (ICIs), limitations including therapeutic resistance and toxicity remain. In recent …

The human gastrointestinal tract harbours a complex microbial community, which interacts
with the mucosal immune system closely. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in …

Research about the role of gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC) is a newly emerging
field of study. Gut microbiota modulation, with the aim to reverse established microbial …

I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

Probiotics and prebiotics are microbiota-management tools for improving host health. They
target gastrointestinal effects via the gut, although direct application to other sites such as …

Low-grade inflammation is the hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2
diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Emerging evidence indicates that these …