With the rapid development of electric vehicles and smart grids, the demand for battery
energy storage systems is growing rapidly. The large-scale battery system leads to …

Pollution-free electric vehicles (EVs) are a reliable option to reduce carbon emissions and
dependence on fossil fuels. The lithium-ion battery has strict requirements for operating …

In recent years, attention has been drawn to battery thermal safety issues due to the
importance of personal safety and vehicle service security. The latest advancements in …

The pressure of energy crisis and environmental protection has fueled the rapid
development of electric vehicles. The lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric …

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electric vehicles (EVs) because of their high
energy density; however, maintaining an optimal temperature range is crucial for their …

Electric vehicles that utilize lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as a power source provides viable
solution to realize the decarbonization of transportation sector. However, their future …

Replacing conventional gasoline-powered cars with electric vehicles (EVs) can reduce not
only pollution emissions but also the dependence on fossil fuels. As the most widely used …

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are essential for integrating renewable energy
sources and enhancing grid stability and reliability. However, fast charging/discharging of …

The single-phase immersion cooling is an emerging technology for battery thermal
management. Both static-or forced-flow working fluids can be adopted, while the advantages …

Abstract Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have been considered as the most promising energy
storage devices for electric vehicles. An efficient battery thermal management system …