Brain–computer interfaces—which allow direct communication between the brain and
external computers—have potential applications in neuroscience, medicine and virtual …

The ever-increasing number of computing devices around us results in more and more
systems competing for our attention, making cognitive workload a crucial factor for the user …

An electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) is a system that
provides a pathway between the brain and external devices by interpreting EEG. EEG …

The attention mechanism of the Transformer has the advantage of extracting feature
correlation in the long-sequence data and visualizing the model. As time-series data, the …

Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stand as
state-of-the-art techniques for non-invasive functional neuroimaging. On a unimodal basis …

In recent years, brain-based technologies that capitalise on human abilities to facilitate
human–system/robot interactions have been actively explored, especially in brain robotics …

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an advanced and multidisciplinary active research domain
based on neuroscience, signal processing, biomedical sensors, hardware, etc. Since the …

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), in essence, aims at controlling different assistive devices
through the utilization of brain waves. It is worth noting that the application of BCI is not …

Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) development is closely related to physics. In this paper, we
review the physical principles of BCIs, and underlying novel approaches for registration …

Invasive brain–machine interfaces can restore motor, sensory and cognitive functions.
However, their clinical adoption has been hindered by the surgical risk of implantation and …