The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that regulates
innate immune responses by activating caspase-1 and the inflammatory cytokines …

Adult neurogenesis occurs mainly in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus
and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Evidence supports the critical role of …

According to emerging studies, the excessive activation of microglia and the subsequent
release of pro-inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis and …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized
by α-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuronal death. Recent evidence suggests …

The epidemiological correlation between copper exposure and higher risk of Parkinson
disease (PD) has been recognized for a long time, and microglia-mediated …

Background and Purpose Astrocytic nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)
is a potential therapeutic target of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC). Icariside II (ICS II) is a …

Abstract Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, a renowned herb medicine in
China, is broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cold and …

Botanicals have attracted much attention in the field of anti-inflammatory due to their good
pharmacological activity and efficacy. Andrographis paniculata is a natural plant ingredient …

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction play critical role in the
pathogenic process of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitophagy plays central role in …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common types of age-related dementia
worldwide. In addition to extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary …