Abstract The standard Λ Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model provides a good
description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a …

Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin
of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent …

ABSTRACT We introduce the Virgo Consortium's FLAMINGO suite of hydrodynamical
simulations for cosmology and galaxy cluster physics. To ensure the simulations are …

The Hubble tension has now grown to a level of significance which can no longer be
ignored and calls for a solution which, despite a huge number of attempts, has so far eluded …

Various pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments (NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, CPTA, including
data from InPTA) very recently reported evidence for excess red common-spectrum signals …

We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400
deg 2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made …

We review the current status of Early Dark Energy (EDE) models proposed to resolve the
“Hubble tension”, the discrepancy between “direct” measurements of the current expansion …

Abstract LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation
from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology …

We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over 9400
deg 2 of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the Atacama Cosmology …

A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …