Untethered small-scale machines (USSMs) that can actively adjust their motion,
deformation, and collective states in response to external stimuli have gained enormous …

Untethered robots miniaturized to the length scale of millimeter and below attract growing
attention for the prospect of transforming many aspects of health care and bioengineering …

The functionalities of the untethered miniature swimming robots significantly decrease as the
robot size becomes smaller, due to limitations of feasible miniaturized on-board …

Magnetic microrobots and nanorobots can be remotely controlled to propel in complex
biological fluids with high precision by using magnetic fields. Their potential for controlled …

Coordinated nonreciprocal dynamics in biological cilia is essential to many living systems,
where the emergentmetachronal waves of cilia have been hypothesized to enhance net fluid …

Untethered micron-scale mobile robots can navigate and non-invasively perform specific
tasks inside unprecedented and hard-to-reach inner human body sites and inside enclosed …

Micro-and nanorobots are promising devices for biomedical and environmental applications.
The past few years have witnessed rapid developments in this field. This short review …

Due to their small sizes, microrobots are advantageous for accessing hard-to-reach spaces
for delivery and measurement. However, their small sizes also bring challenges in on-board …

New‐era soft microrobots for biomedical applications need to mimic the essential structures
and collective functions of creatures from nature. Biocompatible interfaces, intelligent …

Efficient isolation and analysis of exosomal biomarkers hold transformative potential in
biomedical applications. However, current methods are prone to contamination and require …