Similar traits and functions commonly evolve in nature. Here, we explore patterns of
replicated evolution across the plant kingdom and discuss the processes responsible for …

With the realization that much of the biological diversity on Earth has been generated by
discrete evolutionary radiations, there has been a rapid increase in research into the biotic …

Evolutionary radiations on oceanic islands have fascinated biologists since Darwin's
exploration of the Galápagos archipelago [1, 2]. Island radiations can provide key insights …

Genetic correlations between traits can concentrate genetic variance into fewer phenotypic
dimensions that can bias evolutionary trajectories along the axis of greatest genetic variance …

Population ecologists develop theoretical and pragmatic knowledge of how and why
populations change or remain stable, how life histories evolve and devise management …

The independent and repeated adaptation of populations to similar environments often
results in the evolution of similar forms. This phenomenon creates a strong correlation …

Understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits is a major objective in biology. The
standard approach for doing so is genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which aim to …

Ecological heterogeneity can lead to local adaptation when populations exhibit fitness trade-
offs among habitats. However, the degree to which local adaptation is affected by the spatial …

Rapid environmental change is forcing populations into environments where plasticity will
no longer maintain fitness. When populations are exposed to novel environments …

Two major developments have made it possible to use examples of ecological radiations as
model systems to understand evolution and ecology. First, the integration of quantitative …