Traditional agricultural production is circular. Virtually no waste is produced. Residues are
returned to soil as compost; used as bedding material in livestock husbandry (and returned …

This study aimed to emphasize the potential of pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB)
biomass as a sustainable energy source and underscore the significance of considering …

The phenol-based antioxidants as free radical scavengers are expected to continue
increasing as additives in industries. As an antioxidant, lignin has low oxidative stability in …

Abundant plastic waste degradation to microplastics may cause pollution hazards for the
environment. The circulation of microplastic pollution supports the initiation of research …

Palm oil empty fruit bunches (EFB) and fronds are solid waste originating from palm oil
processing which can be used as the main raw material for making briquettes. This is …

Empty palm fruit bunch (EPFB), a byproduct of palm oil processing, can be used efficiently to
produce renewable energy-rich products, thus stimulating a cleaner environment. In this …