Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has evolved as a pivotal enzyme in
lipid metabolism and a revolutionary therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia and its …

Although synovitis is the pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), many extra-
articular manifestations (EMs) and comorbidities likely occur due to the complex, chronic …

Objectives Evaluate risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with tofacitinib
versus tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with …

The IL-6 family of cytokines consists of IL-6, IL-11, IL-27, IL-31, oncostatin M (OSM),
leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) …

Systemic vascular inflammation plays multiple maladaptive roles which contribute to the
progression and destabilization of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These …

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, including tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib and filgotinib, are
increasingly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There has been debate about …

C-reactive protein (CRP) is routinely assessed as a marker of systemic inflammation in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is also an immune regulator that plays an important …

Physical inactivity is common during periods of self-isolation, but for patients with rheumatic
diseases, there are crucial benefits to be gained from maintaining an active lifestyle …

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at high risk of develo** cardiovascular disease
(CVD). Inflammation has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. RA is an inflammatory …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease, of which the leading
cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low …