Critical metals are technologically vital to the functionality of various emerging technologies,
yet they have a potentially unstable supply. This condition calls for strategic planning based …

The clean energy transition plays an essential role in achieving climate mitigation targets. As
for the transportation sector, battery and fuel cell electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a …

Abstract Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is the sequential or simultaneous generation of
multiple forms of useful energy, usually electrical and thermal, in a single and integrated …

The transition from a fossil fuel base to a renewable energy system relies on materials and,
in particular, metals to manufacture and maintain energy conversion technologies. Supply …

Fuel cell and hydrogen energy technologies have been investigated by academia, industry,
and government to reduce air pollution and mitigate global warming. The transition of heavy …

Platinum, as a key catalytic material, is important for the global green transition due both to
its current main use in autocatalysts and its increasing use in emerging and renewable …

Arsenic is a toxic carcinogen mostly found in subsurface environments. It is released into
groundwater mostly via natural geological and hydrological processes. Consumption of …

A low-carbon future based on renewable energy systems is required to limit global warming
to 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels by the end of this century. However, economy-wide …

The long term development of world primary extraction, market supply, recycling and
extractable amounts of the platinum group metals platinum, palladium and rhodium was …

We explore the long-term demand and supply potentials of rare earth elements in alternative
energy vehicles (AEVs) in the United States until 2050. Using a stock-flow model, we …