Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming obligate anaerobe and a major
nosocomial pathogen of worldwide concern. Owing to its strict anaerobic requirements, the …

Butanol as an advanced biofuel has gained great attention due to its environmental benefits
and superior properties compared to ethanol. However, the cost of biobutanol production via …

Practical Handbook of Microbiology, 4th edition provides basic, clear and concise
knowledge and practical information about working with microorganisms. Useful to anyone …

Three classes of low‐G+ C Gram‐positive bacteria (Firmicutes), Bacilli, Clostridia and
Negativicutes, include numerous members that are capable of producing heat‐resistant …

The pathogenic clostridia cause many human and animal diseases, which typically arise as
a consequence of the production of potent exotoxins. Among the enterotoxic clostridia …

Clostridium difficile infection is the leading cause of antibiotic-and healthcare-associated
diarrhea, and its containment and treatment imposes a significant financial burden …

Bacillus and Clostridium organisms initiate the sporulation process when unfavorable
conditions are detected. The sporulation process is a carefully orchestrated cascade of …

As obligate anaerobes, clostridial pathogens depend on their metabolically dormant, oxygen-
tolerant spore form to transmit disease. However, the molecular mechanisms by which those …

Clostridia are Gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore-forming bacteria, incapable of
dissimilatory sulfate reduction. Comprising approximately 180 species, the genus …

Toxin synthesis in Clostridium difficile increases as cells enter into stationary phase. We first
compared the expression profiles of strain 630E during exponential growth and at the onset …