This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative estimate of how global temperatures
have changed during the last 540 million years. It combines paleotemperature …

The atmosphere of the Archean eon—one-third of Earth's history—is important for
understanding the evolution of our planet and Earth-like exoplanets. New geological proxies …

The nine editions of Stable Isotope Geochemistry have appeared over a time span of nearly
50 years. The first edition (1973) appeared as a slim book of 135 pages. Due to the rapid …

Cenozoic temperature, sea level and CO2 covariations provide insights into climate
sensitivity to external forcings and sea-level sensitivity to climate change. Climate sensitivity …

The spatial coverage and temporal resolution of the Early Paleozoic paleoclimate record are
limited, primarily due to the paucity of well-preserved skeletal material commonly used for …

The oxygen isotope compositions of carbonate and phosphatic fossils hold the key to
understanding Earth-system evolution during the last 500 million years. Unfortunately, the …

The evolution of the global carbon and silicon cycles is thought to have contributed to the
long-term stability of Earth's climate,–. Many questions remain, however, regarding the …

Although pH is a fundamental property of Earth's oceans, critical to our understanding of
seawater biogeochemistry, its long-timescale geologic history is poorly constrained. We …

Over the last 70 years, prebiotic chemists have been very successful in synthesizing the
molecules of life, from amino acids to nucleotides. Yet there is strikingly little resemblance …

Carbonate clumped isotope thermometry is a relatively new paleotemperature proxy based
on measurements of the degree of ordering of 13C and 18O into bonds with each other …