Anthropogenic habitat disturbance is fundamentally altering patterns of disease
transmission and immunity across the vertebrate tree of life. Most studies linking …

As a class of vertebrates, amphibians, are at greater risk for declines or extinctions than any
other vertebrate group, including birds and mammals. There are many threats, including …

Glucocorticoid (GC) release is triggered by adverse stimuli that activate the hypothalamus-
pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axis. Glucocorticoids may enhance or suppress immune …

While urbanization is often associated to a loss of biodiversity, non-native animal species
are strikingly successful in urban landscapes. As biological invasions are recognized to …

This paper reviews several aspects of immunoendocrinology and ecoimmunology in
Brazilian species of anurans under investigation for more than a decade, including (1) …

Anuran amphibians' ability to maintain their activity at high temperatures or low humidity
depends on their capacity to face dehydration, especially when they display diurnal and …

Amphibians are suffering population declines due to a variety of factors such as increased
ultraviolet radiation, climate change, habitat loss, pathogens, and pollution, or a combination …

Animals are increasingly challenged to respond to novel or rapidly changing habitats due to
urbanization and/or displacement outside their native range by humans. Behavioral …

Simple Summary Invasive species are common on islands and, increasingly so, in urban
ecosystems. They can pose serious ecological and socioeconomic impacts, making …

Cities are focal points of introduction for invasive species. Urban evolution might facilitate
the success of invasive species in recipient urban habitats. Here we test this hypothesis by …