Until around 1990, most multigene families were thought to be subject to concerted
evolution, in which all member genes of a family evolve as a unit in concert. However …

Natural killer (NK) cells have vital functions in human immunity and reproduction. In the
innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, particularly by viruses, NK cells respond …

The immune system comprises a complex network of specialized cells that protects against
infection, eliminates cancerous cells, and regulates tissue repair, thus serving a critical role …

Naked mole-rats (NMRs) are best known for their extreme longevity and cancer resistance,
suggesting that their immune system might have evolved to facilitate these phenotypes …

Abstract Resistance Gene Candidate2 (RGC2) genes belong to a large, highly duplicated
family of nucleotide binding site–leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) encoding disease …

The evolution of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is shaped by frequent gene
duplications and deletions, which generate extensive variation in the number of loci (gene …

Vertebrate interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) genes have been demonstrated to
have extensive and diverse functions, playing important roles in the evolution of vertebrates …

Neutral genetic markers are commonly used to understand the effects of fragmentation and
population bottlenecks on genetic variation in threatened species. Although neutral markers …

The human killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are encoded within the Leukocyte
Receptor Complex (LRC) on chromosome 19q13. 4. Here we report the comparative …

Immunity exhibits extraordinarily high levels of variation. Evolution of the immune system in
response to host‐pathogen interactions in particular ecological contexts appears to be …