The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes
from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key …

Insulin resistance, defined as a defect in insulin-mediated control of glucose metabolism in
tissues—prominently in muscle, fat and liver—is one of the earliest manifestations of a …

We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies
(GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly heritable complex disease with unknown etiology. Multi-
ancestry genetic research of RA promises to improve power to detect genetic signals, fine …

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the most frequent metabolic disorders, but their causes
remain largely unclear. Insulin resistance, the common underlying abnormality, results from …

A family of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) is involved in regulating tissue-specific
glucose uptake and metabolism in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue to ensure …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involve testing genetic variants across the
genomes of many individuals to identify genotype–phenotype associations. GWAS have …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have laid the foundation for investigations into
the biology of complex traits, drug development and clinical guidelines. However, the …

A primary goal of human genetics is to identify DNA sequence variants that influence
biomedical traits, particularly those related to the onset and progression of human disease …

As the principal tissue for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, skeletal muscle is a primary
driver of whole-body glycemic control. Skeletal muscle also uniquely responds to muscle …