The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has emerged as one of the regions most consistently impaired in
major depressive disorder (MDD). Although functional and structural PFC abnormalities …

Although the etiology and expression of psychiatric disorders are complex, mammals show
biologically preserved behavioral and neurobiological responses to valent stimuli which …

Integration of sensory and molecular inputs from the environment shapes animal behaviour.
A major site of exposure to environmental molecules is the gastrointestinal tract, in which …

The cognitive abilities of humans are distinctive among primates, but their molecular and
cellular substrates are poorly understood. We used comparative single-nucleus …

Animals associate cues with outcomes and update these associations as new information is
presented. This requires the hippocampus, yet how hippocampal neurons track changes in …

Primates and rodents, which descended from a common ancestor around 90 million years
ago, exhibit profound differences in behaviour and cognitive capacity; the cellular basis for …

Cerebellar dysfunction has been demonstrated in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs);
however, the circuits underlying cerebellar contributions to ASD-relevant behaviors remain …

The incorporation of new information into the hippocampal network is likely to be
constrained by its innate architecture and internally generated activity patterns. However, the …

Astrocytes play crucial roles in brain homeostasis and are regulatory elements of neuronal
and synaptic physiology. Astrocytic alterations have been found in Major Depressive …

A large body of evidence has indicated that the phasic responses of midbrain dopamine
neurons show a remarkable similarity to a type of teaching signal (temporal difference (TD) …