Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can serve as signaling molecules that are essential for plant
growth and development but abiotic stress can lead to ROS increases to supraoptimal levels …

▪ Abstract The endosperm develops from the central cell of the megagametophyte after
introduction of the second male gamete into the diploid central cell. Of the three forms of …

To understand better the role of genes in controlling ovule development, a female-sterile
mutant, aintegumenta (ant), was isolated from Arabidopsis. In ovules of this mutant …

Most differentiation events in higher plants occur continuously in the postembryonic adult
phase of the life cycle. Embryogenesis in plants, therefore, is concerned primarily with …

The term apomixis has, in the past, been used as a general term for any form of asexual
reproduction in plants, including vegetative propagation. This original definition has become …

The formation of haploid spores marks the initiation of the gametophytic phase of the life
cycle of all vascular plants ranging from ferns to angiosperms. In angiosperms, this process …

Ovules play a central role in plant reproduction, generating the female gametophyte within
sporophytic integuments. When fertilized, the integuments differentiate into the seed coat …

We report mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana (fertilization-independent seed: fis) in which
certain processes of seed development are uncoupled from the double fertilization event …

Seed samples of 32 species (obligate and facultative sexuals and apomicts of monocots and
dicots) were investigated by flow cytometry to reveal the pathway of reproduction. Ten …

The female gametophyte is an essential structure for angiosperm reproduction that mediates
a host of reproductive functions and, following fertilization, gives rise to most of the seed …