Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide,
and comprises a spectrum of several different disorders, including simple steatosis …

Chronic liver injury leads to liver inflammation and fibrosis, through which activated
myofibroblasts in the liver secrete extracellular matrix proteins that generate the fibrous scar …

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by painful, deep-
seated nodules, abscesses, and draining tunnels in the skin of axillary, inguinal, genitoanal …

Cytokines are among the most important effector and messenger molecules in the immune
system. They profoundly participate in immune responses during infection and inflammation …

Hepatic fibrogenesis is a pathophysiological outcome of chronic liver injury hallmarked by
excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Fibrosis is a dynamic process that …

In patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple
organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

Upon antigenic stimulation, naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into different subsets and
secrete various cytokines to exert biological effects. Th22 cells, a newly identified CD4+ T …

Inflammation underlies many chronic and degenerative diseases, but it also mitigates
infections, clears damaged cells and initiates tissue repair. Many of the mechanisms that link …

Liver fibrosis is a clinically significant finding that has major impacts on patient morbidity and
mortality. The mechanism of fibrosis involves many different cellular pathways, but the major …