Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to
various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps …

Acidic metabolic waste products accumulate in the tumor microenvironment because of high
metabolic activity and insufficient perfusion. In tumors, the acidity of the interstitial space and …

Lactate is an end product of glycolysis. As a critical energy source for mitochondrial
respiration, lactate also acts as a precursor of gluconeogenesis and a signaling molecule …

Simple Summary The role of lactate in cancer described by Otto Warburg in 1927 states that
cancer cells uptake high amount of glucose with a marked increase in lactate production …

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has emerged as a powerful technique for the high resolution
visualization of biological processes within deep tissue. Through the development and …

Genomic instability is a primary cause and fundamental feature of human cancer. However,
all cancer cell genotypes generally translate into several common pathophysiological …

The emergence of OpenAI's ChatGPT has put intense spotlight on Generative AI (Gen-AI)
systems and their possible impacts on Academic integrity. This paper provides an overview …

While cancer is commonly described as “a disease of the genes,” it is also associated with
massive metabolic reprogramming that is now accepted as a disease “Hallmark.” This …

Cancers undergo sequential changes to proton (H+) concentration and sensing that are
consequences of the disease and facilitate its further progression. The impact of protonation …

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) initiate action potentials in electrically excitable
cells and tissues. Surprisingly, some VGSC genes are aberrantly expressed in a variety of …